ABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effect of peripheral 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT)-induced neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) on lung injury in septic mice.Methods:Wild-type (WT type) and Tph1 knockout (KO) C57 mice (6-8 weeks) were selected and divided into WT mice sham group, WT mice sepsis group, Tph1 KO mice sham group and Tph1 KO mice sepsis group according to the random number table method. Mice in the sham group received sham surgery (only open the abdominal cavity to flip the cecum without ligation and puncture, and then close the abdominal cavity); the mice in the sepsis group received cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to establish sepsis model. The mice were sacrificed 12 hours after the operation, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in bronchialalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by enzyme linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA); at the same time, the lung tissues were collected, and the pathological changes of lung tissues were observed under light microscope, and the production of NET in lung tissues was observed by immunofluorescence microscope. Results:The pathological results suggested that the lung tissue structure in sham groups was intact without exudation, while the alveolar structures of mice in the sepsis groups were damaged, with obvious exudation in the alveolar cavity and thickened alveolar walls accompanied by a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, and the degree of lung injury in the sepsis group of WT mice was more severe than that of the sepsis group of Tph1 KO mice. ELISA results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in mice BALF from different strains of the sham group; while the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in BALF of septic mice group were significantly higher than those in sham group [WT mice: TNF-α (μg/L) was 158.20±28.46 vs. 14.00±3.28, IL-6 (μg/L) was 304.98±21.78 vs. 57.70±12.30; Tph1 KO mice: TNF-α (μg/L) was 85.88±20.13 vs. 14.95±1.53, IL-6 (μg/L) was 169.50±45.61 vs. 55.05±12.68, all P < 0.01], and the above index levels in the sepsis group of WT mice were significantly higher than the sepsis group of Tph1 KO mice [TNF-α (μg/L): 158.20±28.46 vs. 85.88±20.13, IL-6 (μg/L): 304.98±21.78 vs. 169.50±45.61, both P < 0.01]. Immunofluorescence staining showed that a very small amount of NET formation was detected in the mice lungs from the sham group; a large amount of NET formation was detected in the lung tissues in the sepsis group, which were significantly higher than those in sham group [WT mice: (34.75±7.27)% vs. (1.75±0.96)%, Tph1 KO mice: (14.25±5.74)% vs. (2.50±1.29)%, both P < 0.01], and the amount of NET produced in the lung tissues of the WT mice sepsis group was significantly higher than that of the Tph1 KO mice sepsis group [(34.75±7.27)% vs. (14.25±5.74)%, P < 0.01]. Conclusions:In sepsis, the increased production of inflammatory factors in the mice lung tissues induces to lung injury. The mechanism may relate to the increased production of NET in the lung tissues mediated by peripheral 5-HT synthesized by enterochromaffin cells and released into the blood; inhibiting the production of 5-HT in the peripheral blood can effectively reduce the production of NET in the lung tissues, thereby reducing lung injury.
ABSTRACT
This article introducesd the diagnosis and treatment of a rare case of giant dermoid cyst on the face. Case introduction: elderly male, with a disease history of 20 years, the mass gradually enlarged, due to rupture, he came to the hospital for treatment, the mass is located in the left face, which is in egg shape, almost occupy the entire left cheek, auxiliary examination all indicate it a benign mass. Surgical treatment was to remove the mass. The pathological results showed that dermoid cysts with acute and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration were in line with the results of preoperative auxiliary examination. The incision healed well after operation and the scar was not obvious in the following 2 years of visiting. Discussion: ①The histological and pathological differences between dermoid cysts and sebaceous gland cysts in the main benign tumors of the skin; ②The details of the operation were introduced, including incision line design, hemostasis, suture etc.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of botulinum toxin type A injection on the expres-sion of substance P, TGF-β1 and α-SMA in rabbit ear model of hypertrophic scar. Methods The hyper-trophic sear model was established in 24 Japanese rabbits'ears. The wounds in ventral surface of ear were divided in Group I (lateral wounds) and Group S (medial wounds), 3 wounds each side per ear, totally 72 wounds each group. The wound-healing time and the growth of scar were observed and recorded. On post-wounding day 28, the wounds were created in another 6 rabbits in the same way and the normal skin were harvested as Group C. Likewise, the scar samples in Groups I and S were harvested. The mRNA expression of substance P, TGF-β1 and α-SMA were detected quantitatively by using real-time PCR and α-SMA was also detected with Western blot. Results No difference between the ratio of healed or infec-tious wounds on post-wounding day 14. The mRNA expression of SP, TGF-β1 and α-SMA in Group I was significantly lower than Group S, but higher than those in Group C (P<0. 01 and <0. 05, respec-tively). The blot density of α-SMA and the ratio of blot density of a-SMA to β-actin in Group I were be-tween that of the other two groups. Conclusion Without delaying the wound-healing, botulinum toxin type A injection significantly decreases the expression of SP, TGF-β1 and α-SMA in rabbit ear model of hypertrophic scar.